翻译小学堂：原文+参考译文（逐段解析）
形式：先思考，再对比，分析总结，内化吸收
武汉大学MTI英译汉真题【阅读对人的影响】
The most complex lesson the literary point of view teaches — and it is not, to be sure, a lesson available to all, and is even difficult to keep in mind once acquired — is to allow the intellect to become subservient to the heart. What wide reading teaches is the richness, the complexity, the mystery of life.
In the wider and longer view, I have come to believe, there is something deeply apolitical — something above politics — in literature, despite what feminist, Marxist, and other politicized literary critics may think. If at the end of a long life of reading the chief message you bring away is that women have had it lousy, or that capitalism stinks, or that attention must above all be paid to victims, then I’d say you just might have missed something crucial.
Too bad, for there probably isn’t time to go back to reread your lifetime’s allotment of five thousand or so books. People who have read with love and respect understand that the larger message behind all books, great and good and even some not so good as they might be, is, finally, cultivate your sensibility so that you may trust your heart.
The charmingly ironic point of vast reading, at least as I have come to understand it, is to distrust much of one’s education. Unfortunately, the only way to know this is first to become educated, just as the only way properly to despise success is first to achieve it.
参考译文（逐段解析）
【句段1】
The most complex lesson the literary point of view teaches — and it is not, to be sure, a lesson available to all, and is even difficult to keep in mind once acquired — is to allow the intellect to become subservient to the heart. What wide reading teaches is the richness, the complexity, the mystery of life.
参考译文：
文学所给予我们最深刻的启示是令世俗的智慧服从于灵动的心。诚然，这个启示并不是每个人都能领悟到的，而且即使曾一时领悟，之后也很难铭记于心。广泛的阅读向人们所展示的是生命的丰富多彩、错综复杂和神秘莫测。
词汇：
llesson 经验；教训an experience, especially an unpleasant one, that sb can learn from so that it does not happen again in the future
lpoint of view 观点；态度；意见；看法
lavailable 可获得的；可购得的；可找到的；
lkeep in mind 记在心里；记住
lintellect （尤指高等的）智力，逻辑思维领悟力the ability to think in a logical way and understand things, especially at an advanced level; your mind
lsubservient ~ (to sb/sth)恭顺的；驯服的 willing to do what other people want
翻译要点：
1. 第一句话的主干结构是The most complex lesson the literary point of view teaches is to allow the intellect to, 破折号所引导的插入语成分将主干结构给隔离开了；另外，句子的主语是个省略了that的定语从句，即：The most complex lesson that the literary point of view teaches。
2. lesson的字面意思是“经验；教训”，而且往往是来自不愉快的经历。但是根据上下文来看，阅读文学作品并不是令人沮丧的经历。因此，lesson在本文的意思可以理解为“启示；启发”。
3. 插入语的后半部分省略了动词的主语，完整的写法为： and it is even difficult to keep in mind once it has been acquired。
4. intellect字面意思是“智力，逻辑思维领悟力，知识分子”，根据上下文来看，本文并没有对知识分子进行详细的描述，因此，首先可以确定intellect在本文中不是“知识分子”的意思。其次，本文重点讨论了文学阅读给读者在两个面的启发：1）主流社会/广大群众所认可的道理；2）个人的感悟。因此可以将intellect翻译为“世俗的智慧”。
5. 最后一句话是个主语从句的结构，句子的主语为What wide reading teaches。
断句：
The most complex lesson the literary point of view teaches /— and it is not, to be sure, a lesson available to all, and is even difficult to keep in mind once acquired —/is to allow the intellect to become subservient to the heart. /What wide reading teaches /is the richness, the complexity, the mystery of life.
【句段2】
In the wider and longer view, I have come to believe, there is something deeply apolitical — something above politics — in literature, despite what feminist, Marxist, and other politicized literary critics may think. If at the end of a long life of reading the chief message you bring away is that women have had it lousy, or that capitalism stinks, or that attention must above all be paid to victims, then I’d say you just might have missed something crucial.
参考译文：
姑且不论女权主义者、马克思主义者或者其他持特定政治立场的文学评论家们作何感想，从更广阔和长远的角度来看，我认为文学中有些东西远非政治所能解释，甚至是超越了政治的。如果读了一辈子的书，你得到的启示只是：女人总是把事情搞砸、资本主义腐朽不堪，或是我们必须首先关注受害者，诸如此类，那么我会说，你很可能没有领悟文学的实质。
词汇：
llong view 远虑；远谋；较长远的考虑
lcome to do sth （强调过程）开始做某事；逐渐
lapolitical 与政治无关的；不关心政治的
lfeminist 女权主义者；女性主义者；女权运动者
lpoliticized 政治化的
lliterary critic 文学批评家；文学评论家
lmessage （书、演讲等的）要旨，要点，教训an important moral, social or political idea that a book, speech, etc. is trying to communicate
llousy 非常糟的；极坏的
lstink 有臭味；有难闻的气味；让人觉得很糟糕；令人厌恶
lmiss ~ sth未见到；未听到；未觉察to fail to hear, see or notice sth
lcrucial至关重要的；关键性的
翻译要点：
1. I have come to believe,中的逗号是多余的，翻译的时候不要因为这个逗号而影响对句子结构以及意思的理解。
2. 注意第一句话中破折号这部分以及despite引导的这部分信息的处理技巧。1）破折号具有进一步强调或者转折的作用；2）despite引导的这部分信息，在译文中可以往前移。
3. politicized literary critics的字面意思是“政治化的文学评论家”，根据本文的语境，可以翻译为“持特定政治立场的文学评论家”。
4. the chief message you bring away中的message，与第一段中的lesson意思是一样的，也可以翻译为“启示”；bring away是读者从阅读中获取到的意思。
5. women have had it lousy使用了完成时态来表示一种经常的状况，其中的it是个形式主语，这部分的意思是说“妇女/女性总是把事情搞得一塌糊涂”。
断句：
In the wider and longer view, /I have come to believe, there is something deeply apolitical /— something above politics —/in literature, /despite what feminist, Marxist, and other politicized literary critics may think. /If at the end of a long life of reading /the chief message you bring away is that /women have had it lousy, or that capitalism stinks, or that attention must above all be paid to victims, /then I’d say you just might have missed something crucial.
【句段3】
Too bad, for there probably isn’t time to go back to reread your lifetime’s allotment of five thousand or so books. People who have read with love and respect understand that the larger message behind all books, great and good and even some not so good as they might be, is, finally, cultivate your sensibility so that you may trust your heart.
参考译文：
糟糕的是，人的一生充其量也就能读5 000本书，而你可能没有时间把它们重读一遍了。那些在读书时胸有爱心以及敬意的人明白，对于阅读而言，无论是鸿篇巨作抑或平庸之作，一部作品所传递的更重要的启示是培养我们的感性思维，让我们学会相信自己的心灵。
词汇：
lallotment 分配物；分配量；份额 an amount of sth that sb is given or allowed to have
lcultivate ~ sth逐渐形成（某种态度、谈话或举止方式等）to develop an attitude, a way of talking or behaving, etc.
lsensibility （尤指文艺方面的）感受能力，鉴赏力，敏感性the ability to experience and understand deep feelings, especially in art and literature
翻译要点：
1. 第二句话中的great and good and even some not so good as they might be为插入语成分，句子的主干结构为：People who have read with love and respect understand that the larger message behind all books is, finally, cultivate your sensibility so that xxx。
2. 关于cultivate your sensibility so that you may trust your heart这部分的翻译：英文在举例子的时候，使用第一人称或者第二人称都可以，不过翻译成中文，则需要调整使用第一人称，这样更符合中文的阅读习惯。
断句：
Too bad, /for /there probably isn’t time to go back to reread your lifetime’s allotment of five thousand or so books. /People who have read with love and respect /understand that /the larger message behind all books, /great and good and even some not so good as they might be, /is, finally, cultivate your sensibility /so that you may trust your heart.
【句段4】
The charmingly ironic point of vast reading, at least as I have come to understand it, is to distrust much of one’s education. Unfortunately, the only way to know this is first to become educated, just as the only way properly to despise success is first to achieve it.
参考译文：
至少在我看来，广泛阅读颇具讽刺意味的迷人之处在于让读书之人对自己所受的教育发出质疑。但是遗憾的是，一个人只有先接受教育才能够领悟到这一点。这正如只有自己先取得成功才有资格蔑视成功一样是一个道理。
词汇：
lcharmingly 迷人地；愉悦地
lironic（因出乎意料而）奇怪的，好笑的strange or amusing because it is very different from what you expect
lcome to understand 渐渐明白；觉悟
ldistrust 怀疑；不信任
ljust as 正如；正象
翻译要点：
1. charmingly ironic从语法上看，核心词是ironic，而charmingly则是修饰ironic的，字面意思为：迷人地讽刺；point的字面意思为“点”，可以引申为“价值所在”，The charmingly ironic point of vast reading作为一个整体可以根据中文的表达习惯，翻译为：广泛阅读颇具讽刺意味的迷人之处……
2. at least as I have come to understand it中的it指代的是前面的point。这部分的字面意思为：至少我已经逐渐领悟到了。
断句：
The charmingly ironic point of vast reading, /at least as I have come to understand it, /is to distrust much of one’s education. /Unfortunately, /the only way to know this /is first to become educated, /just as /the only way properly to despise success is first to achieve it.